Best LLM inference API for chatbots and copilots: time to first token and tokens per second
What the benchmark found. Modal had the lowest time to first token p95 at 1.09 seconds. Its median visible-answer speed was 222.2 tokens per second, and its p95 tokens per second floor was 84.7 tokens per second. The benchmark output is short and structured; teams should replay representative conversational lengths before production selection. Measured across 10 LLM inference providers serving GLM 5.3 Flash, 600 requests each, Sep 3, 2026.
Providers measured. Baseten, DeepInfra, Fireworks AI, Modal, Nebius, Novita AI, Parasail, Telnyx, Together AI, and Z.AI, each serving GLM 5.3 Flash behind an OpenAI-compatible chat-completions endpoint.
What this page compares. Chatbots and copilots have two user-visible streaming phases: time to the first answer token and the speed of visible continuation. This page puts time to first token and tokens per second in the same table without pretending unlike units can be averaged into one universal score.
How to read the result. Rows are ordered by time to first token p95 to prioritize the blank wait experienced by most users, with median and p95 tokens per second shown beside it. Choose a latency budget for both phases and check end-to-end p95 plus failure rate before treating a fast starter as the best complete experience.
Workload and configuration. Every provider received the same 600 deliberately easy structured tasks: 200 meeting-note lookups, 200 ticket-triage classifications, and 200 contract-term extractions. GLM 5.3 Flash ran with streaming enabled, reasoning low, temperature 0, top-p 1, a 256-token output ceiling, one attempt, a 20-second timeout, and per-provider concurrency one.
APIs used. The runner called each provider's OpenAI-compatible chat-completions surface with the model identifiers below; the links open the provider documentation used to verify each adapter.
- Modal:
zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash· API docs ↗ - Baseten:
zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash· API docs ↗ - Telnyx:
zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash· API docs ↗ - Together AI:
zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash· API docs ↗ - Z.AI:
glm-5.3-flash· API docs ↗ - Novita AI:
zai-org/glm-5.3-flash· API docs ↗ - Parasail:
zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash· API docs ↗ - Fireworks AI:
accounts/fireworks/models/glm-5p3-flash· API docs ↗ - DeepInfra:
zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash· API docs ↗ - Nebius:
zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash· API docs ↗
Which LLM inference API starts answers fastest and streams fastest for chatbots?
This projection adds two measured deltas absent from the main table: time to first token p95 versus the fastest starter and median tokens per second versus the fastest continuation. Lower time to first token and higher tokens per second are better.
| Provider / API | TTFT p95 | Δ TTFT vs fastest | Tokens/s p50 | Δ tokens/s vs fastest | Tokens/s p95 | End-to-end p95 | Failure rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Modalzai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash ↗ | 1.09 s | 0 ms | 222.2 tok/s | -47.1 tok/s | 84.7 tok/s | 1.90 s | 0.0% |
| Basetenzai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash ↗ | 1.16 s | +72 ms | 240.5 tok/s | -28.8 tok/s | 61.6 tok/s | 2.29 s | 0.0% |
| Telnyxzai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash ↗ | 1.34 s | +251 ms | 184.3 tok/s | -85.0 tok/s | 67.5 tok/s | 2.33 s | 0.0% |
| Together AIzai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash ↗ | 2.26 s | +1171 ms | 151.6 tok/s | -117.6 tok/s | 34.0 tok/s | 3.66 s | 1.0% |
| Z.AIglm-5.3-flash ↗ | 3.14 s | +2045 ms | 56.3 tok/s | -213.0 tok/s | 27.8 tok/s | 4.83 s | 0.2% |
| Novita AIzai-org/glm-5.3-flash ↗ | 3.41 s | +2313 ms | 60.6 tok/s | -208.6 tok/s | 29.6 tok/s | 5.00 s | 4.0% |
| Parasailzai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash ↗ | 5.54 s | +4447 ms | 52.4 tok/s | -216.9 tok/s | 22.8 tok/s | 7.74 s | 1.3% |
| Fireworks AIaccounts/fireworks/models/glm-5p3-flash ↗ | 5.83 s | +4737 ms | 58.2 tok/s | -211.0 tok/s | 27.9 tok/s | 6.72 s | 0.0% |
| DeepInfrazai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash ↗ | 6.41 s | +5317 ms | 69.4 tok/s | -199.8 tok/s | 9.0 tok/s | 11.0 s | 4.0% |
| Nebiuszai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash ↗ | 7.11 s | +6015 ms | 269.3 tok/s | 0.0 tok/s | 78.8 tok/s | 7.45 s | 14.8% |
Provider by provider, in the order above
- Modal: 222.2 tokens per second median, 84.7 tokens per second p95 floor, time to first token p95 1.09 seconds, end-to-end p99 3.28 seconds.
- Baseten: 240.5 tokens per second median, 61.6 tokens per second p95 floor, time to first token p95 1.16 seconds, end-to-end p99 3.23 seconds.
- Telnyx: 184.3 tokens per second median, 67.5 tokens per second p95 floor, time to first token p95 1.34 seconds, end-to-end p99 3.48 seconds.
- Together AI: 151.6 tokens per second median, 34.0 tokens per second p95 floor, time to first token p95 2.26 seconds, end-to-end p99 12.45 seconds.
- Z.AI: 56.3 tokens per second median, 27.8 tokens per second p95 floor, time to first token p95 3.14 seconds, end-to-end p99 8.59 seconds.
- Novita AI: 60.6 tokens per second median, 29.6 tokens per second p95 floor, time to first token p95 3.41 seconds, end-to-end p99 7.25 seconds.
- Parasail: 52.4 tokens per second median, 22.8 tokens per second p95 floor, time to first token p95 5.54 seconds, end-to-end p99 11.51 seconds.
- Fireworks AI: 58.2 tokens per second median, 27.9 tokens per second p95 floor, time to first token p95 5.83 seconds, end-to-end p99 10.49 seconds.
- DeepInfra: 69.4 tokens per second median, 9.0 tokens per second p95 floor, time to first token p95 6.41 seconds, end-to-end p99 17.07 seconds.
- Nebius: 269.3 tokens per second median, 78.8 tokens per second p95 floor, time to first token p95 7.11 seconds, end-to-end p99 14.97 seconds.
Which interactive products depend on both streaming phases?
- Writing copilots. Budget time to first token for the first visible suggestion and tokens per second for how quickly the remainder becomes editable.
- Support chatbots. Track response start separately from complete-response latency when users see the answer stream before routing metadata is ready.
- In-product assistants. Use slow-tail time to first token and tokens per second floors when a delayed or halting stream is more damaging than median behavior.
How is LLM inference provider latency and accuracy measured here?
- Same model. Every endpoint serves GLM 5.3 Flash; the provider layer is the only variable.
- Same request. One-turn, non-tool chat completion in JSON-object mode, streaming on, temperature 0, top-p 1, reasoning low, 256-token ceiling, 20-second timeout, concurrency one.
- Client clock, pinned tokenizer. Time to first token, end-to-end latency and tokens per second come from the client; visible answer tokens are counted with a pinned
tiktoken o200k_basetokenizer, never provider-reported usage. - Exact task success. An answer counts only when it is schema-valid and exactly correct under the task rubric. Timeouts, HTTP errors and malformed responses stay in the denominator.
- Serverless endpoints only. Dedicated capacity is outside the comparison. Runner and per-request records: openbenchmarks-labs/inference ↗.
Chatbot and copilot streaming decisions
Which provider started visible chatbot answers fastest at time to first token p95?
Modal had the lowest time to first token p95 at 1.09 seconds. Its median visible-answer speed was 222.2 tokens per second, and its p95 tokens per second floor was 84.7 tokens per second. The benchmark output is short and structured; teams should replay representative conversational lengths before production selection.
Did the fastest chatbot starter also generate the most tokens per second?
Modal had the lowest time to first token p95 at 1.09 seconds, while Nebius had the highest median tokens per second at 269.3 tokens per second. These may be different providers because startup delay and continuation speed measure different phases.
How should a copilot team combine time to first token and tokens per second without a synthetic score?
Use time to first token p95 to budget the blank wait before visible text, median tokens per second for the typical continuation, and the p95 tokens per second floor for the slow case. Do not combine them into an unvalidated synthetic score.
Same run, other questions
- LLM inference provider benchmark: complete scorecard and methodology →
- Best LLM inference provider for AI agents: tool calling latency and accuracy →
- Best LLM inference provider for tool-calling agents →
- Fastest LLM inference provider for AI agents →
- Most accurate LLM inference provider for AI agents →
- Best LLM inference provider for chat applications →
- Best LLM inference provider: speed, accuracy and failures compared →
Read the complete LLM inference provider benchmark
Metric definitions, request scheduling, task rubrics, failure handling, and the complete provider scorecard live on the LLM Inference Provider Benchmark →




