{
  "slug": "inference",
  "name": "LLM Inference Provider Benchmark",
  "description": "Independent benchmark of LLM inference providers all serving the same GLM 5.3 Flash model behind OpenAI-compatible serverless endpoints. One client, 600 identical structured-output requests per provider at concurrency one; end-to-end latency, time to first token, tokens per second, exact task success and failure rates. Failures stay in the denominator. No single headline metric; results are alphabetical.",
  "page_url": "https://openbenchmarks.com/inference",
  "run_id": "run-20260902-223626",
  "reviewed_at": "2026-09-03T03:03:46.01458+00:00",
  "last_updated": "2026-09-03T03:03:46.014Z",
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "model": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
  "reasoning_effort": "low",
  "requests_per_provider": 600,
  "dataset_item_count": 721,
  "provider_count": 10,
  "metrics": [
    {
      "key": "e2e_latency_p50",
      "label": "End-to-end latency, median (E2E p50)",
      "unit": "milliseconds",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "Client-observed time from request send to the last byte of the complete visible answer, median over completed requests."
    },
    {
      "key": "e2e_latency_p95",
      "label": "End-to-end latency, p95",
      "unit": "milliseconds",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "95th percentile of the complete-answer wait. Failed and timed-out requests have no completion and are excluded from percentiles but kept in failure_rate."
    },
    {
      "key": "e2e_latency_p99",
      "label": "End-to-end latency, p99",
      "unit": "milliseconds",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "99th percentile of the complete-answer wait; the slow-edge figure for a blocking call."
    },
    {
      "key": "ttfo_p50",
      "label": "Time to first output token, median (TTFO p50)",
      "unit": "milliseconds",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "First token-bearing event, reasoning or answer."
    },
    {
      "key": "ttfo_p95",
      "label": "Time to first output token, p95 (TTFO p95)",
      "unit": "milliseconds",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "95th percentile of the first token-bearing event."
    },
    {
      "key": "ttfa_p50",
      "label": "Time to first visible answer token, median (TTFA p50)",
      "unit": "milliseconds",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "First visible answer token; equals TTFO when no hidden reasoning is emitted first. The figure most 'time to first token' comparisons mean."
    },
    {
      "key": "ttfa_p95",
      "label": "Time to first visible answer token, p95 (TTFA p95)",
      "unit": "milliseconds",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "95th percentile of the visible-answer start."
    },
    {
      "key": "ttfa_p99",
      "label": "Time to first visible answer token, p99 (TTFA p99)",
      "unit": "milliseconds",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "99th percentile of the visible-answer start."
    },
    {
      "key": "output_tokens_per_second_p50",
      "label": "Tokens per second, median",
      "unit": "tokens/second",
      "direction": "higher_is_better",
      "definition": "Visible answer tokens generated per second after the first answer token, counted with a pinned tiktoken o200k_base tokenizer; reasoning tokens excluded."
    },
    {
      "key": "output_tokens_per_second_p95",
      "label": "Tokens per second, p95 floor",
      "unit": "tokens/second",
      "direction": "higher_is_better",
      "definition": "Speed reached by at least 95% of completed responses. A coverage floor: higher is better."
    },
    {
      "key": "output_tokens_per_second_p99",
      "label": "Tokens per second, p99 floor",
      "unit": "tokens/second",
      "direction": "higher_is_better",
      "definition": "Speed reached by at least 99% of completed responses."
    },
    {
      "key": "task_success_rate",
      "label": "Task success rate",
      "unit": "ratio",
      "direction": "higher_is_better",
      "definition": "Share of all submitted requests whose answer was schema-valid and exactly correct under the task-family rubric. Operational failures, malformed JSON, incomplete objects and wrong answers all count against it."
    },
    {
      "key": "failure_rate",
      "label": "Operational failure rate",
      "unit": "ratio",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "Share of submitted requests that timed out, returned HTTP 429/4xx/5xx, or failed in transport. A malformed HTTP 200 is an accuracy miss, not a failure."
    },
    {
      "key": "timeout_rate",
      "label": "Timeout rate",
      "unit": "ratio",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "Requests stopped by the client at the 20-second limit."
    },
    {
      "key": "http_429_rate",
      "label": "HTTP 429 rate",
      "unit": "ratio",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "Rate-limited responses."
    },
    {
      "key": "other_http_4xx_rate",
      "label": "Other HTTP 4xx rate",
      "unit": "ratio",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "Client-error responses other than 429."
    },
    {
      "key": "http_5xx_rate",
      "label": "HTTP 5xx rate",
      "unit": "ratio",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "Server-error responses."
    },
    {
      "key": "transport_error_rate",
      "label": "Transport error rate",
      "unit": "ratio",
      "direction": "lower_is_better",
      "definition": "Connection resets, TLS and stream errors with no HTTP status."
    },
    {
      "key": "reasoning_emission_rate",
      "label": "Reasoning emission rate",
      "unit": "ratio",
      "direction": "informational",
      "definition": "Share of responses in which the provider emitted reasoning tokens before the visible answer; explains a gap between TTFO and TTFA."
    }
  ],
  "method_notes": [
    "Every provider serves the same requested model under one logical request contract: one-turn JSON-object chat completion, streaming on, temperature 0, top-p 1, reasoning low, 256-token ceiling, 20-second client timeout, concurrency one.",
    "Latency and tokens per second are taken from the client clock and a pinned tiktoken o200k_base tokenizer, never from provider-reported usage.",
    "Task success counts only schema-valid, exactly correct answers; timeouts, HTTP errors and malformed responses remain in the denominator.",
    "Only serverless or shared endpoints are compared; dedicated capacity is outside the comparison.",
    "The pooled rows are balanced across the three task families (200 requests each); per-family rows are in task_families."
  ],
  "results": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "eligible": true,
      "ineligibility_reasons": [],
      "provider": "Baseten",
      "provider_slug": "baseten",
      "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
      "model_key": "zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash",
      "docs_url": "https://docs.baseten.co/reference/inference-api/chat-completions",
      "submitted": 600,
      "valid_results": 590,
      "e2e_latency_p50": 330.760236,
      "e2e_latency_p95": 2285.18608,
      "e2e_latency_p99": 3228.816906,
      "ttfo_p50": 227.650189,
      "ttfo_p95": 498.591065,
      "ttfo_p99": 946.080279,
      "ttfa_p50": 287.05867,
      "ttfa_p95": 1164.803483,
      "ttfa_p99": 2648.757759,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p50": 240.4687730323997,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p95": 61.63003537986967,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p99": 22.630518982585272,
      "reasoning_emission_rate": 0.5733333333333334,
      "task_success_rate": 0.9583333333333334,
      "failure_rate": 0,
      "timeout_rate": 0,
      "http_429_rate": 0,
      "other_http_4xx_rate": 0,
      "http_5xx_rate": 0,
      "transport_error_rate": 0
    },
    {
      "rank": null,
      "eligible": false,
      "ineligibility_reasons": [
        "operational failure rate above 1%"
      ],
      "provider": "DeepInfra",
      "provider_slug": "deepinfra",
      "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
      "model_key": "zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash",
      "docs_url": "https://docs.deepinfra.com/api-reference/chat-completions/openai-chat-completions",
      "submitted": 600,
      "valid_results": 576,
      "e2e_latency_p50": 1826.930716,
      "e2e_latency_p95": 11008.071913,
      "e2e_latency_p99": 17070.685584,
      "ttfo_p50": 808.306933,
      "ttfo_p95": 3780.499974,
      "ttfo_p99": 9081.563517,
      "ttfa_p50": 1151.697728,
      "ttfa_p95": 6409.773625,
      "ttfa_p99": 13179.837069,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p50": 69.43650698373987,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p95": 8.955625039132348,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p99": 4.9922234999944335,
      "reasoning_emission_rate": 0.6111111111111112,
      "task_success_rate": 0.955,
      "failure_rate": 0.04,
      "timeout_rate": 0,
      "http_429_rate": 0.0033333333333333335,
      "other_http_4xx_rate": 0,
      "http_5xx_rate": 0,
      "transport_error_rate": 0.03666666666666667
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "eligible": true,
      "ineligibility_reasons": [],
      "provider": "Fireworks AI",
      "provider_slug": "fireworks",
      "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
      "model_key": "accounts/fireworks/models/glm-5p3-flash",
      "docs_url": "https://docs.fireworks.ai/api-reference/post-chatcompletions",
      "submitted": 600,
      "valid_results": 600,
      "e2e_latency_p50": 1954.224447,
      "e2e_latency_p95": 6715.757655,
      "e2e_latency_p99": 10487.560867,
      "ttfo_p50": 586.356124,
      "ttfo_p95": 5665.575772,
      "ttfo_p99": 8743.051097,
      "ttfa_p50": 1061.137468,
      "ttfa_p95": 5829.428272,
      "ttfa_p99": 8743.051097,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p50": 58.22301505501612,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p95": 27.853499838212947,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p99": 14.891372371318328,
      "reasoning_emission_rate": 0.5816666666666667,
      "task_success_rate": 0.995,
      "failure_rate": 0,
      "timeout_rate": 0,
      "http_429_rate": 0,
      "other_http_4xx_rate": 0,
      "http_5xx_rate": 0,
      "transport_error_rate": 0
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "eligible": true,
      "ineligibility_reasons": [],
      "provider": "Modal",
      "provider_slug": "modal",
      "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
      "model_key": "zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash",
      "docs_url": "https://modal.com/docs/guide/endpoints#calling-your-endpoint",
      "submitted": 600,
      "valid_results": 600,
      "e2e_latency_p50": 574.117533,
      "e2e_latency_p95": 1898.581555,
      "e2e_latency_p99": 3278.852527,
      "ttfo_p50": 376.474939,
      "ttfo_p95": 812.080627,
      "ttfo_p99": 2721.956228,
      "ttfa_p50": 469.985228,
      "ttfa_p95": 1092.766169,
      "ttfa_p99": 2787.248636,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p50": 222.16668487091223,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p95": 84.71115434664893,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p99": 34.86570494058868,
      "reasoning_emission_rate": 0.5133333333333333,
      "task_success_rate": 0.9933333333333333,
      "failure_rate": 0,
      "timeout_rate": 0,
      "http_429_rate": 0,
      "other_http_4xx_rate": 0,
      "http_5xx_rate": 0,
      "transport_error_rate": 0
    },
    {
      "rank": null,
      "eligible": false,
      "ineligibility_reasons": [
        "task success rate below 95%",
        "operational failure rate above 1%"
      ],
      "provider": "Nebius",
      "provider_slug": "nebius",
      "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
      "model_key": "zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash",
      "docs_url": "https://docs.tokenfactory.nebius.com/api-reference/inference/create-chat-completion",
      "submitted": 600,
      "valid_results": 511,
      "e2e_latency_p50": 1450.650284,
      "e2e_latency_p95": 7453.32705,
      "e2e_latency_p99": 14970.361964,
      "ttfo_p50": 925.170205,
      "ttfo_p95": 7107.37482,
      "ttfo_p99": 14600.476189,
      "ttfa_p50": 1144.277602,
      "ttfa_p95": 7107.37482,
      "ttfa_p99": 14600.476189,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p50": 269.2586219639911,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p95": 78.7936979014428,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p99": 39.949982976424494,
      "reasoning_emission_rate": 0.512720156555773,
      "task_success_rate": 0.8483333333333334,
      "failure_rate": 0.14833333333333334,
      "timeout_rate": 0.028333333333333332,
      "http_429_rate": 0,
      "other_http_4xx_rate": 0.115,
      "http_5xx_rate": 0,
      "transport_error_rate": 0.005
    },
    {
      "rank": null,
      "eligible": false,
      "ineligibility_reasons": [
        "task success rate below 95%",
        "operational failure rate above 1%"
      ],
      "provider": "Novita AI",
      "provider_slug": "novita",
      "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
      "model_key": "zai-org/glm-5.3-flash",
      "docs_url": "https://novita.ai/docs/api-reference/model-apis-llm-create-chat-completion",
      "submitted": 600,
      "valid_results": 569,
      "e2e_latency_p50": 1738.313375,
      "e2e_latency_p95": 4998.181688,
      "e2e_latency_p99": 7248.335321,
      "ttfo_p50": 1130.528242,
      "ttfo_p95": 1789.05836,
      "ttfo_p99": 4281.720074,
      "ttfa_p50": 1404.686841,
      "ttfa_p95": 3405.501919,
      "ttfa_p99": 5580.15286,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p50": 60.64171977491607,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p95": 29.578816841542032,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p99": 11.602053555859273,
      "reasoning_emission_rate": 0.4774305555555556,
      "task_success_rate": 0.9416666666666667,
      "failure_rate": 0.04,
      "timeout_rate": 0.0016666666666666668,
      "http_429_rate": 0.03833333333333333,
      "other_http_4xx_rate": 0,
      "http_5xx_rate": 0,
      "transport_error_rate": 0
    },
    {
      "rank": null,
      "eligible": false,
      "ineligibility_reasons": [
        "operational failure rate above 1%"
      ],
      "provider": "Parasail",
      "provider_slug": "parasail",
      "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
      "model_key": "zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash",
      "docs_url": "https://docs.parasail.io/parasail-docs/api-reference/chat-completions",
      "submitted": 600,
      "valid_results": 592,
      "e2e_latency_p50": 1590.817551,
      "e2e_latency_p95": 7740.687499,
      "e2e_latency_p99": 11512.25082,
      "ttfo_p50": 856.198122,
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      "ttfo_p99": 10905.492396,
      "ttfa_p50": 1108.915037,
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      "output_tokens_per_second_p50": 52.350789822473565,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p95": 22.81741815548379,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p99": 15.595400478168234,
      "reasoning_emission_rate": 0.527027027027027,
      "task_success_rate": 0.9833333333333333,
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      "transport_error_rate": 0.0033333333333333335
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    {
      "rank": 3,
      "eligible": true,
      "ineligibility_reasons": [],
      "provider": "Telnyx",
      "provider_slug": "telnyx",
      "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
      "model_key": "zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash",
      "docs_url": "https://developers.telnyx.com/api-reference/openai-chat/create-a-chat-completion-openai-compatible",
      "submitted": 600,
      "valid_results": 600,
      "e2e_latency_p50": 669.374216,
      "e2e_latency_p95": 2331.560924,
      "e2e_latency_p99": 3478.362819,
      "ttfo_p50": 496.642397,
      "ttfo_p95": 801.519196,
      "ttfo_p99": 2895.539492,
      "ttfa_p50": 573.537664,
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      "ttfa_p99": 2995.55873,
      "output_tokens_per_second_p50": 184.29680893335956,
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      "task_success_rate": 0.995,
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      "http_429_rate": 0,
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      "http_5xx_rate": 0,
      "transport_error_rate": 0
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "eligible": true,
      "ineligibility_reasons": [],
      "provider": "Together AI",
      "provider_slug": "together",
      "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
      "model_key": "zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash",
      "docs_url": "https://docs.together.ai/docs/inference/chat/overview",
      "submitted": 600,
      "valid_results": 594,
      "e2e_latency_p50": 608.640461,
      "e2e_latency_p95": 3662.672044,
      "e2e_latency_p99": 12449.663781,
      "ttfo_p50": 377.296148,
      "ttfo_p95": 2228.134735,
      "ttfo_p99": 12197.729187,
      "ttfa_p50": 393.151152,
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      "transport_error_rate": 0
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "eligible": true,
      "ineligibility_reasons": [],
      "provider": "Z.AI",
      "provider_slug": "z-ai",
      "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
      "model_key": "glm-5.3-flash",
      "docs_url": "https://docs.z.ai/api-reference/llm/chat-completion",
      "submitted": 600,
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      "transport_error_rate": 0
    }
  ],
  "task_families": {
    "contract-terms-extraction": [
      {
        "rank": null,
        "eligible": false,
        "ineligibility_reasons": [],
        "provider": "Baseten",
        "provider_slug": "baseten",
        "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
        "model_key": "zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash",
        "docs_url": "https://docs.baseten.co/reference/inference-api/chat-completions",
        "submitted": 200,
        "valid_results": 190,
        "e2e_latency_p50": 1565.795885,
        "e2e_latency_p95": 2756.115123,
        "e2e_latency_p99": 4553.515538,
        "ttfo_p50": 343.101436,
        "ttfo_p95": 574.560136,
        "ttfo_p99": 1060.035597,
        "ttfa_p50": 602.73408,
        "ttfa_p95": 2071.83179,
        "ttfa_p99": 3043.466142,
        "output_tokens_per_second_p50": 93.05789558027074,
        "output_tokens_per_second_p95": 59.431946251530775,
        "output_tokens_per_second_p99": 36.652789705149154,
        "reasoning_emission_rate": 0.855,
        "task_success_rate": 0.9,
        "failure_rate": 0,
        "timeout_rate": 0,
        "http_429_rate": 0,
        "other_http_4xx_rate": 0,
        "http_5xx_rate": 0,
        "transport_error_rate": 0
      },
      {
        "rank": null,
        "eligible": false,
        "ineligibility_reasons": [],
        "provider": "DeepInfra",
        "provider_slug": "deepinfra",
        "model_name": "GLM 5.3 Flash",
        "model_key": "zai-org/GLM-5.3-Flash",
        "docs_url": "https://docs.deepinfra.com/api-reference/chat-completions/openai-chat-completions",
        "submitted": 200,
        "valid_results": 184,
        "e2e_latency_p50": 3514.810086,
        "e2e_latency_p95": 13173.069092,
        "e2e_latency_p99": 19842.254133,
        "ttfo_p50": 906.615967,
        "ttfo_p95": 2328.064199,
        "ttfo_p99": 4623.357453,
        "ttfa_p50": 1910.765512,
        "ttfa_p95": 6460.26541,
        "ttfa_p99": 12408.329269,
        "output_tokens_per_second_p50": 58.56626855059653,
        "output_tokens_per_second_p95": 11.81846417070849,
        "output_tokens_per_second_p99": 5.343425958638145,
        "reasoning_emission_rate": 0.8641304347826086,
        "task_success_rate": 0.92,
        "failure_rate": 0.08,
        "timeout_rate": 0,
        "http_429_rate": 0.005,
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